Aimed at the shortage of the efficiency-reinforcement structure design methods for elastomeric reciprocating sealing, an efficiency-reinforcement structure design process model was put forward. The type and material of elastomeric reciprocating sealing were selected by analyzing the working condition of sealing. The tensile and compression ratio of seal parts as well as the seal clearance and contact surface roughness were designed based on the operating parameters of sealing. According to the efficiency-reinforcement shape and material design rules, the section shape design and composite design for lifetime extension were implemented based on the selected sealing types. A piston sealing’s structure design was presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the structure design model.