The effect of load and speed on friction coefficient and wear loss under dry friction condition was researched on the MMW1A multifunction vertical friction and wear testing machine with fullfactorial design method.The variance analysis of friction coefficient and wear loss show that the speed has the most important impact on the friction coefficient,while the load has the most important impact on the wear loss.The friction and wear process of SiC ceramic against 45 steel was simulated by using ABAQUS software to analyze the stress distribution of contact area during friction and wear process,and the wear mechanism of SiC ceramic was discussed.The test results show that the maximum Mises stress of SiC ceramic is located at the outside of contact area,and the maximum tensile stress is located at the anterior of sliding,while the maximum compressive stress is located at the rear of sliding.Under different stress,the wear mechanisms of SiC ceramic are different,which are mainly adhesive wear,abrasive wear and ploughing wear.