The quantitative structure triboability relationship (QSTR)model was established by using comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) or comparative molecular similarity indices analysis (CoMSIA) on the antiwear properties of 36 samples,including hydrazide compounds and phosphoric acid compounds as lubricant additives.CoMSIA models of the additives were established in electrostatic field and steric field respectively,and the stability and prediction ability of the two models were compared and analyzed.The results show that the CoMSIA model constructed in electrostatic field has good prediction ability,indicating that molecular electrostatic field has the greatest influence on the antiwear properties of these compounds.The threedimensional contour diagram based on the CoMSIA model constructed in electrostatic field can explain the effect of electrostatic field on the antiwear properties of compounds intuitively,that is,when the electronegativity of the functional group or atom is consistent with the properties of the region,the antiwear performance is the best.Therefore it will help to improve the antiwear property when introducing positively or negatively charged groups or atoms in specific regions.