Four aliphatic acid esters were synthesized with aliphatic acid and organic alcohol,and were characterized using infrared spectrometer.The tribological properties of the synthesized esters as antiwear additives in ultralow sulfur diesel fuel were evaluated using High Frequency Reciprocating Rig (HFRR) apparatus.It is found that the synthesized longchain aliphatic acid esters are efficient to promote the lubricity of ultralow sulfur diesel fuel.The lubricity of diesel fuel for use in ground diesel engines can be satisfied by adding the synthesized esters above 300 μg/g,while these lubricity improvers of aliphatic acid esters have little effect on the other properties of diesel fuel.