The effects of different rare earth oxides and their contents on the friction and wear properties of resinbased friction materials under dry friction conditions were studied,the surface of the composites was observed and analyzed by scanning electron microscope，and the modification mechanism of rare earth elements to resinbased friction materials was analyzed.The results show that the addition of rare earth oxides can improve the friction coefficient of the composites,especially the addition of rare earth lanthanum oxide can play a role in the stability of the friction coefficient,reducing the sensitivity of composites to load and speed.The wear mode of the sample without rare earth oxide is mainly adhesive wear,and the wear mode of the sample with rare earth oxide is mainly abrasive wear.After the addition of rare earth oxide,the wear surface of the sample becomes more smooth,this is mainly because of the addition of rare earth oxides improves the adhesion of the resin,the resin and other fillers are more firmly bonded together,a more stable friction film is formed,the adhesion of the material surface is effectively suppressed,thus the wear surface of the material is improved.