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润滑对于铰链轴承与装配摩擦副磨损机制影响机制
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1.航空工业第一飞机设计院;2.河南航天精工制造有限公司;3.河南省紧固连接技术重点实验室;4.华中农业大学

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The influence mechanism of lubrication on the wear mechanism of hinge bearing and assembly friction pair
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1.Aviation Industry First Aircraft Design and Research Institute;2.Henan Aerospace Precision Processing Co., Ltd;3.Henan Key Laboratory of Fastening and Connection Technology;4.Huazhong Agricultural University

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    摘要:

    铰链结构关节轴承与螺栓摩擦副之间磨损是铰链失效重要模式,为提升轴承寿命,镀Cr与PTFE 润滑是改善轴承耐磨性能有效方法。以镀Cr和涂覆聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)材料螺栓与镀Cr轴承内圈为摩擦副,采用轴承寿命试验机进行关节轴承摩擦实验,利用光学显微镜与扫描电子显微镜确定摩擦前后螺栓与轴承成分、形貌,以此,分析两种处理螺栓与镀Cr处理轴承摩擦特性。结果表明:随摩擦载荷升高,螺栓与轴承之间摩擦系数持续增大,其中镀铬螺栓与轴承摩擦系数最高值为0.63,而PTFE润滑螺栓与轴承之间最大摩擦系数仅为0.22,同时与润滑螺栓对磨的轴承表面粗糙度相对稳定且维持在较低。与镀Cr螺栓对磨轴承磨损后表面大量氧化层,氧化层在后期出现剥落,主要表现为氧化磨损与磨粒磨损。与PTFE润滑螺栓对磨轴承表面主要为细小划痕与小坑,磨损由犁削过程主导,磨损程度较小。可见,PTFE润滑层能有效降低摩擦系数,减小磨损程度,提升轴承服役性能。

    Abstract:

    Wear between the bearings and bolt is the major failure mode for hinge joint. To alleviate the wear rate for a long service life, hard coating such as hard chromium and lubricated layer like PTFE lubrication are effective methods to improve the wear resistance. In this paper, bolts with hard chromium coating and PTFE layer were assembled with chromium coated bearing as friction pairs. Friction experiments were conducted on assembled friction pairs using a Bearing life tester to obtain the friction coefficient of the friction pair with different materials. The composition and morphology of the bolts and bearings before and after friction were determined using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Based on the wear morphology and friction coefficient, the wear mechanism of the coated bolts and bearings were discussed. The results show that the friction coefficient between the bolt and the bearing continuous increase with the friction loads. The highest friction coefficient of 0.63 is obtained in the hard chromium coated bolt and bearing friction pair, while the maximum friction coefficient between the PTFE lubricated bolt and the bearing is only 0.22. At the same time, the roughness of the bearing under friction of PTFE coated bolt is relatively stable and maintained at a low level. After friction test, the bearing tested with hard chromium coated bolt present a large amount of oxides on the surface. The oxide layer peels off in the later stage, presenting oxidation wear and abrasive wear. The surface of the bearing tested with PTFE coated bolts is mainly composed of small scratches and pits which indicates the wear is dominated by the plowing process. It can be seen that the PTFE lubricating layer can effectively alleviated the wear by reducing the friction coefficient, improving the service performance of bearings.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-02-21
  • 最后修改日期:2024-03-20
  • 录用日期:2024-04-16
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