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高速磁性液体旋转密封结构的优化设计与试验研究*
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北方工业大学

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A

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磁流体密封原理样机加工(JYSH22664-50W093)


ZHANG Yang1 LIU Fengbin1 LI Decai2(1.School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering,North China University of Technology,Beijing 100144,China;
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North China University of Technology

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    摘要:

    针对燃气轮机内部的高速密封问题,根据磁性液体的密封原理设计了一种高速磁性液体密封结构,对比了不同型号的酯基磁性液体的参数性能并选择了最合适的一种,并对实验所用的磁性液体进行了磁粘特性、剪切速率和粘温特性的表征,并通过流变性表征选择了合适的磁液,。在一般磁性液体伯努利方程的基础上,推导出了高速工况下同时考虑转速和温度的磁性液体旋转密封的理论耐压公式,从公式可以看出密封耐压能力随着温度和转速的提高而下降,相比于温度,其对转速的变化更敏感,。基于有限元分析软件数值模拟了此密封装置间隙内的磁场分布,搭建了高速磁性液体密封试验台,试验分别对比研究了结构在有无冷却模块作用、是否用惰性材料填满齿槽用两种情况下的密封性能,根据实验结果优化设计了极齿开在轴上的结构并与极齿开在极靴上的结构进行了对比。结果表明,该密封装置显示出良好的密封能力,相同转速下,极齿开在轴上的结构在有冷却模块时的密封性能更好,相比于极齿开在极靴上和无冷却模块作用的结构,极齿开在轴上且有冷却模块作用的结构可以承受更高转速,最高可满足8500r/min工况下1.67atm的耐压值。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problem of high-speed sealing in gas turbine, a high-speed magnetic liquid sealing structure is designed according to the sealing principle of magnetic liquid. Based on the general Bernoulli equation of magnetic liquid, the theoretical pressure resistance formula of magnetic liquid rotating seal considering both speed and temperature is derived. The magnetic field distribution in the clearance of the sealing device is numerically simulated based on finite element analysis software. A high-speed magnetic liquid seal test bench was set up, and the sealing performance of the structure under the condition of whether the cooling module is used or not, and whether the tooth groove is filled with inert material was studied respectively. According to the experimental results, the structure with the pole tooth opening on the shaft was optimized and compared with the structure with the pole tooth opening on the pole shoe. The results show that the sealing device shows good sealing ability, and the structure with pole teeth open on the shaft and cooling module can withstand higher speed, and can meet the maximum pressure withstand value of 1.67atm under 8500r/min.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-03-01
  • 最后修改日期:2024-04-08
  • 录用日期:2024-04-16
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