For oil leakage fault of landing gear shock absorber because of seal failure,a fault prediction method based on LVQ neural network was put forward.The maintenance data such as total flight takeoff landing number,seal ring working time,flight takeoff landing number in available period of seal and working environment impact factors were served as input vector,the oil leakage fault was served as output vector,a LVQ neural network fault prediction model was established.The historical maintenance data were presented to train the prediction model,the current maintenance data were inputted to the trained prediction model to achieve fault prediction.The simulation result of an example shows that the prediction model has the advantages of simplicity,high efficiency and high accuracy of prediction，the input vector is no need to be pretreated when using this prediction model，and the prediction results are in good accordance with the actual results.